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Looking back on the role of CFOs over the last 25 years

Exploring the pivotal moments that shaped the CFO role

Few professions have changed as much as finance and accounting over the last 25 years. At the turn of the century, accounting and finance were considered back-office functions, charged with keeping records, balancing the books, and filing taxes. One could argue that in 2000, finance and accounting were essential but decidedly unglamorous roles that looked through the rearview mirror a lot more than ahead through the windshield.

But now, in 2025, finance and accounting professionals are future-forward drivers of organizational strategy at the leading edge of digital transformation and technology. CFOs and CPAs alike are now tasked with gathering, analyzing, and communicating vast amounts of data to make informed decisions about the best path forward.

If you’re wondering how finance and accounting moved from the back office into the driver’s seat over the last 25 years, then you’ve come to the right place.

For the next year, the CFO Brew Quarter Century Project will look at the major events, innovations, regulations, and catastrophes that turned the humble finance and accounting professional from back-office functionary into a Chief Future Officer.

Whether it’s profession-changing regulation coming out of major accounting scandals, a global economic collapse, mind-bending technological advances, or a worldwide pandemic, we’ll take a deep dive into how the finance and accounting profession was impacted and evolved.

But much like the profession, we won’t be just looking backward. We’ll take a look at how the trends and technologies of today will shape the next 25 years of the profession.

Welcome to the CFO Brew Quarter Century Project.

2001

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July 2001

Intuit launches Quickbooks Online, one of the first cloud accounting software platforms

2002

2003

US Capital building at dusk.
January 2003

Congress establishes PCAOB to regulate auditing standards

2004

2005

A middle-aged man with greying hair wears a trench coat and a frustrated look on his face.
March 2005

WorldCom CEO Bernie Ebbers is convicted in a massive accounting fraud scandal

2005

The Global Accounting Alliance is launched

2006

Two teenagers looking at a laptop ina classroom setting.
September 2006

Facebook introduces the newsfeed, launching the social media era

2007

The FINRA logo on a granite sign.
July 2007

FINRA is formed to self-regulate securities brokers and exchanges

Foreclosure sign sits in snow in front of house.
December 2007

The US economy enters recession as housing market teeters

2008

2008

A CFO oral history of the 2008 financial collapse

Man in suit speaks at podium, Federal Housing Finance Agency.
September 2008

US government takes over mortgage companies Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae

Bernie Madoff in a casual baseball cap smirks at photographers, surrounded by press.
December 2008

Financier Bernie Madoff is arrested for securities fraud

2009

Street scape with minimal foot traffic, Wall Street in the financial district of New York City, American flag hangs in front of columned building.
March 2009

The stock market reaches its lowest point of the Great Recession

Man in suit with stern expression, press interview, surrounded by men in suits, outdoor procession.
September 2009

BoA CEO Ken Lewis announces his retirement

President Obama, standing at a podium with microphones, press conference.
February 2009

The Senate passed President Obama’s $787 billion economic stimulus package

2010

Extreme overhead view of oil spill in ocean, mixing of oil and water
April 2010

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill begins in the Gulf of Mexico

Men in suits presenting to an audience, one man speaks, holding a printed graph, the other listens intently.
May 2010

The EU and IMF bail out Greece at height of Europe’s sovereign debt crisis

July 2010

In wake of 2007–08 financial crisis, Dodd-Frank changed the game

2011

Neon marquee reads 'Standard & Poor's Downgrades US credit rating', busy city street, pedestrians in motion
August 2011

S&P downgrades US debt credit rating for the first time

2012

2013

A government worker stands at a fence besides the Supreme Court, holding a sign that reads, 'This site is closed, do not enter'
October 1–17, 2013

The US government shuts down for 16 days when Congress can’t agree on appropriations

Two receptionists sit behind a marble counter that reads JP Morgan Chase & Co
November 19, 2013

JPMorgan Chase agrees to $13 billion settlement for selling bad mortgage securities

A United Airways plane sits on the tarmac while an American Airline plane is seen landing in the background
December 9, 2013

American Airlines and US Airways merge, creating world’s largest airline

2014

A woman is seen walking away from a pharmacy counter with a shopping bag in her left hand
January 1, 2014

The Affordable Care Act goes fully into effect

A close-up portrait shot of Janet Yellen, an older woman with short silver hair smiling in front of the Federal Reserve flag
Feb 3, 2014

Janet Yellen becomes the first female Fed chair

September 2014

Tax inversions are banned

2015

October 2015

Theranos is exposed as a fraud

Two men sit in chairs in front of a wall of stock tickers at a local brokerage house.
June 12, 2015

Chinese stock markets begins precipitous decline

Donald Trump gives a crowd of people with cameras and their phones out a thumbs up after announcing his candidacy for the U.S. presidency.
June 16, 2015

Donald Trump announces his presidential candidacy

Federal Reserve Board Chair Janet Yellen stands at podium between the American flag and the flag of Washington DC reading from an announcement.
December 16, 2015

The Fed raises interest rates for the first time in nine years

2016

A person holds a placard that reads 'Off shore tax evasion the biggest scam in human history'.
April 3, 2016

The Panama Papers are released, revealing a global tax evasion scheme

A man accompanied by his dog laughs as he exits a polling station after voting in the EU referendum.
June 23, 2016

UK voters approve Brexit

German carmaker Volkswagen leadership stand in front of a wall with the company logo while a video camera points at them.
June 28, 2016

Volkswagen settles emissions cheating scandal for $14.7 billion

President-elect Donald J Trump and Vice President-elect Mike Pence in front of American flags.
November 8, 2016

Donald Trump is elected president

Looking for More?

We’ll be adding to our Quarter Century Project every month for all of 2025. Check back for additional stories or subscribe to CFO Brew for all of your industry needs.

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Editorial

Executive Editor: Josh Sternberg
Managing Editor: John Del Signore
Editor: Drew Adamek
Editorial Operations: Ben Marx
Reporters: Courtney Vien, Natasha Piñon, Alex Zank
Standards & Style Desk: Nicole Jones (Managing Editor), Kate Brandt (Copy Editor)

Design

Design Director: Alyssa Nassner
Art Director: Frank Scialabba
Designers: Anna Kim, Emily Parsons
Illustration: Yifan Wu

Special Thanks To

Lance Holt, Abbie Winters